Rosa Del Mar

Daily Brief

Issue 72 2026-03-13

Token-To-Equity Restructuring And Token Model Skepticism

Issue 72 Edition 2026-03-13 10 min read
General
Sources: 1 • Confidence: Medium • Updated: 2026-03-14 12:26

Key takeaways

  • Across proposed exploring a move from a DAO to a US C-corp where ACX holders could exchange tokens for equity 1:1 or redeem tokens for a fixed price set at a 25% premium to the one-month average price.
  • Coinbase’s strategy of competing directly with traditional market incumbents is characterized as having left it out of major partnership ecosystems forming around tokenized equities.
  • Proposed Mastercard acquisitions of BVNK and ZeroHash are speculated to have stalled due to valuation concerns and the high-risk nature of current revenue and customer bases at some stablecoin/payment providers.
  • The host ended their Miami living arrangement and returned to New York because they found Miami hindered productivity and had less in-person business activity.
  • Ripple is described as running an ongoing equity-holder buyback program about twice per year and conducting a tender offer at a reported $50B valuation with limits on how much holders can sell each period.

Sections

Token-To-Equity Restructuring And Token Model Skepticism

  • Across proposed exploring a move from a DAO to a US C-corp where ACX holders could exchange tokens for equity 1:1 or redeem tokens for a fixed price set at a 25% premium to the one-month average price.
  • There is concern that token markets can obscure true public float and future sell pressure despite onchain transparency claims, particularly for application-layer tokens.
  • Crypto founders and investors are described as increasingly questioning whether launching a token can do more harm than good for otherwise profitable businesses.
  • After the Across proposal, ACX was reported to be up about 33% and later traded above the implied buyout/redeem level before falling back.
  • The hosts argue that if a company launches a token, it should have a clearly articulated purpose, while cautioning against overcorrecting into an equity-only worldview.
  • Across still needs to pass a DAO vote, and the team signaled it intends to proceed with the conversion if the vote passes even narrowly.

Exchange Competition, Regulatory Access, And Tokenized Equities Partnerships

  • Coinbase’s strategy of competing directly with traditional market incumbents is characterized as having left it out of major partnership ecosystems forming around tokenized equities.
  • Kraken is said to have obtained a Federal Reserve master account enabling direct settlement and reducing reliance on intermediary banks.
  • The speaker expects more innovation as OCC chartering becomes more open and stablecoin rails expand.
  • Kraken announced a deal with NASDAQ to use NASDAQ as the registry for Kraken’s tokenized stock business.
  • Coinbase Commerce is described as a good product but deprioritized relative to other Coinbase initiatives.
  • Santiago Roel states a preference to own Robinhood over Coinbase and Kraken over Coinbase based on product and customer acquisition dynamics.

Payments Incumbents And Stablecoin Settlement Migration

  • Proposed Mastercard acquisitions of BVNK and ZeroHash are speculated to have stalled due to valuation concerns and the high-risk nature of current revenue and customer bases at some stablecoin/payment providers.
  • Mastercard announced a global crypto partner program intended to coordinate collaboration across more than 85 crypto-native companies, payment providers, and financial institutions.
  • Visa is described as ahead of Mastercard in stablecoin-related activity, including about $6B of annualized direct stablecoin settlement on its network and dominance of the stablecard ecosystem.
  • Mastercard’s crypto partner program is described as light on product specifics and primarily framed as a forum to ease coordination and access to Mastercard teams.
  • Visa Direct is described as the fastest-growing transaction business inside Visa, and Mastercard Send is described as an analogous product and possibly larger today.
  • Payment networks are expected not to be competed away by stablecoins or AI-driven commerce but instead to migrate significant settlement infrastructure onto stablecoin and tokenized-asset rails.

Geography And Positioning As Productivity/Serendipity Multipliers

  • The host ended their Miami living arrangement and returned to New York because they found Miami hindered productivity and had less in-person business activity.
  • The host expects to stay based in New York and only reconsider Miami in about ten years.
  • Santiago Roel argues investor success often comes more from being well-positioned than from accurate annual forecasts.
  • The host attributes lower productivity in Miami to increased temptation for leisure and a social environment that makes flexible deep-work schedules harder.
  • The host reports San Francisco has become worthwhile again for them to spend time in post-COVID, driven by a resurgence in fintech, neobanks, and stablecoin activity.
  • The host claims that, in the US, only New York and San Francisco currently provide sufficient density for deep work and learning from builders and investors.

Private-Market Liquidity Mechanics And Treasury-Asset Valuation Constraints

  • Ripple is described as running an ongoing equity-holder buyback program about twice per year and conducting a tender offer at a reported $50B valuation with limits on how much holders can sell each period.
  • Ripple is estimated to hold roughly $75–$80B worth of XRP on its balance sheet, implying the tender valuation is a discount to token net-asset value.
  • Ripple’s acquired and operating businesses are estimated at roughly $400M of consolidated revenue, with the remainder of perceived enterprise value largely tied to XRP holdings.
  • Crypto treasury vehicles are said to be trading at roughly 20%–30% discounts to net asset value at the time of discussion.
  • Ripple is argued to be unable to liquidate its XRP at stated market value, implying realizable value would be materially below the headline balance-sheet figure.
  • If crypto markets enter a strong bull phase, crypto treasury vehicles are expected to perform well again due to renewed financial engineering opportunities, though not all will succeed.

Watchlist

  • There is concern that token markets can obscure true public float and future sell pressure despite onchain transparency claims, particularly for application-layer tokens.
  • The CFTC has begun a process toward new prediction market-specific rulemaking, including a public letter and an upcoming proposed rulemaking with feedback.

Unknowns

  • Will the Across DAO vote pass, and what are the binding legal/operational terms (jurisdiction, cap-table structure, SPV thresholds, redemption mechanics, timelines)?
  • How many other protocols will actually propose and complete token-to-equity restructurings, and in which categories (apps/DeFi vs L1/L2)?
  • What specific institutional partnerships or revenue agreements are blocked by DAO structures today, and do corporate wrappers measurably unlock new distribution or cash flows?
  • What are the true effective floats, vesting schedules, and sell-pressure profiles for major application-layer tokens discussed as privatization candidates?
  • Are the claimed stablecoin settlement volumes and stablecard dominance metrics for Visa accurate and comparable across networks, and how quickly are these metrics growing?

Investor overlay

Read-throughs

  • If Across can credibly convert tokens to equity with enforceable rights, other revenue-generating protocols may test similar restructurings when token prices lag fundamentals, aiming to unlock institutional contracting and clearer cash flow claims.
  • Tokenized equities distribution may increasingly favor exchanges that build partnership ecosystems and market-structure legitimacy, shifting competitive advantage toward registry, settlement access, and compliant integration rather than pure brand scale.
  • Stablecoin rails may migrate under card-network orchestration, with incumbents seeking acquisitions or partnerships, but execution risk remains high due to valuation sensitivity and customer-base risk at stablecoin and payment providers.

What would confirm

  • Across DAO vote passes with clear, binding terms: jurisdiction, cap-table mechanics, exchange or redemption process, timelines, and operational readiness to execute the conversion at scale.
  • Observable new institutional partnerships or revenue agreements explicitly enabled by moving from DAO token arrangements to a corporate counterparty and KYC compliant contracting structure.
  • Concrete product launches or measurable stablecoin settlement and stablecard volumes from incumbents, plus completed acquisitions or expanded partner programs with specific customer and risk parameters.

What would kill

  • Across proposal fails, is delayed, or results in non-binding or ambiguous legal structure that does not materially change tokenholder rights or counterparty enforceability.
  • No measurable increase in partnerships or revenues after adopting corporate wrappers, suggesting DAO structure was not the binding constraint for distribution or contracting.
  • Incumbent stablecoin initiatives remain high-level with no product specificity or growing volumes, and repeated acquisition stalls due to valuation and risk concerns persist.

Sources